(MS) — According to the American Kennel Club® (AKC), the most popular dog in the United States in 2007 was the Labrador Retriever, which has now been the most popular breed for 17 consecutive years. The list is based on AKC registration figures. Muscling its way into the top 10 for the first time since 1935 was the Bulldog, which jumped two spots, from 12th to 10th, since last year’s list. Much of that increase in popularity could possibly be traced to the city of Los Angeles, where the Bulldog is second only to the Labrador Retriever in terms of ownership. The Labrador Retriever seems to be universally popular, as it claims the top spot in all cities except Detroit, Honolulu, Knoxville, Miami, and Orlando. In making its way into the top 10, the Bulldog pushed the Miniature Schnauzer out of that distinction. Still, the Miniature Schnauzer remains popular in 11th place, thanks in large part to the residents of Oklahoma City, where it is the third most popular dog in town. Steadily rising in popularity is the Toy group, which made up just 12 percent of the total registry throughout the 1970s but now accounts for just under 25 percent. TF087081

(MS) — Horses have earned the reputation as the backbone of life on a ranch and farm due to their long history of being instrumental helpers in rural areas. While horses today still are in abundance on farms and ranches, that isn't to say they should be seen as mindless powerhouses, or relegated to cowboy companions. In fact, horses are kept as pets all across the country in rural and suburban areas, just as a person might keep a dog or cat as a companion animal.
According to Animal Behavior Associates, the total number of horses owned in the U.S. in 2001 was estimated to be 5.1 million, with numbers growing today. Horses can be purchased, leased, or even adopted. Whether you choose to keep a horse as a pet companion will rely on a number of factors.
1. Expense: Horses can be expensive pets. Apart from the initial expense of purchase, food and shelter costs can quickly add up. If you are lucky enough to have ample land on your property, you may save in boarding costs. But if you need to rent a stall, it can be pricey. Many horse experts say that you'll need at least $1,200 per month for horse care.
2. Space: Horses need exercise, a chance to graze, and a place to rest out of the elements. Individuals with a lot of acreage may be able to devote the space for stables and a corral. Others will have to keep their horse at a stable where they can then visit and ride the animal.
3. Time: Horses are time-intensive pets. That means that they will require ample amounts of your time for care. Your responsibilities will include riding and exercising, feeding, tack cleaning, mucking stalls, in addition to grooming.
4. Grooming: Grooming should be a daily habit, as grit lodged under a saddle can be uncomfortable for a horse. As well as providing a shiny coat, regular grooming also enables one to notice any abnormalities on the horse. Cuts, irritations, or fever can be detected and treated during a thorough grooming session. Expect to spend a few hours every day with horse care.
Part of horse grooming involves visits by a farrier. The farrier's job is to take care of the feet (hooves). He or she does this by regularly keeping the hooves trimmed and observing the conditions of the hooves. The farrier will use a rasp, a hoof pick, a hoof knife, and nippers. The rasp is used like an emery board, the pick is used to clean the debris out of the foot, the hoof knife is used to clean out dead sole and the nippers are used for cutting the excess hoof wall growth off. Horses rely on their feet heavily, therefore foot maintenance is key. Farriers are responsible for this health and can take preventative measures to ensure hoof health and even work to correct certain problems.
5. Feeding: Proper nutrition will allow a horse to grow and function normally throughout its life. Hay is generally the most widely used source of food for horses, as it's rich in vitamins, minerals and proteins, and is an essential part of normal food digestion. Make sure the hay is good quality and free of mold, as this can cause colic. A balanced diet for horses is largely based on carbohydrates, with fats and proteins as essential supplements to the diet. Corn and oats can be used as supplemental foods or treats. However, these foods are high in calories and could promote weight gain if abused. Fresh water is also necessary, and horses should have access to plenty of it.
How much food your horse will need is largely dependent upon size. According to Acreage Equines, on average a horse needs 2 to 2.2 pounds of feed for every 100 pounds of body weight. One of the leading causes of animal cruelty among horses is malnutrition, so careful attention should be placed on providing enough food.
Horses can be rewarding companions and beautiful animals for which to care. However, careful consideration should be placed on whether you have the time and money needed to keep a horse before you seek to purchase or lease an animal. TF087080

(MS) — When the weather warms, the trees sprout new growth, flowers bloom and bugs begin their annual assault on humans and animals. Fleas and ticks thrive on warm weather, and these pests are most prevalent during times of rising temperatures. In North America, they can be a plague from March through October, depending upon how long temperatures stay moderate.

Fleas

There are over 2,000 described species of fleas in the world. The most common domestic flea is the cat flea, which despite its name, is found on both cats and dogs. According to the University of Florida, cat flea adults, unlike many other fleas, remain on their host. Females require a fresh blood meal in order to produce eggs, and they can lay up to one per hour. The smooth eggs easily fall from the pet onto the carpet, bedding, or lawn. The young fleas will hatch within two days and feed on dandruff, grain particles, and skin flakes found on the floor around them, in addition to the fecal matter provided by adult fleas, known as flea dirt. Fleas prefer to develop in areas protected from rainfall, irrigation, and sunlight, where the relative humidity is at least 75 percent and the temperature is 70 to 90 F.

Fleas are not picky about their meals and they'll nip at anything warm-blooded in their paths — including people. Bites typically cause minor itching, but those with sensitive skin may have more irritation. Some fleas can carry disease, but contracting something from a flea is very rare. However, cat fleas can serve as intermediate hosts for canine tapeworms, putting dogs at risk.

Ticks

Ticks are another parasite that rarely show discrimination in their meal hosts. Unlike fleas, ticks are not insects but arachnids, like their cousins the spider and scorpion. Ticks will hop onto people and animals that cross their paths.

Female ticks need a blood meal to produce eggs. She will drop off after feeding to lay these eggs. To continue their life cycle ticks need humidity and shade. They prefer habitats of leaves, groundcover, weeds, and shady areas near woods and walls.

There are a variety of ticks as well (more than 200), most relatively innocuous except for the fact that they're unsightly bloodsuckers. However, the Deer tick and the Lone Star tick are two ticks that can cause serious illness. The Deer tick is a carrier for Lyme disease, an inflammatory disease that causes rash, muscle aches, and arthritis-type pain. The Lone Star tick carries Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, a rickettsial disease.

Safeguarding the Family from Fleas and Ticks

Treating pets alone against fleas is a relatively futile effort. Effective control requires eradication of fleas from the pet, the home, the yard, and control of the flea life cycle. There are a number of chemical products available that do a good job of ridding the home and yard of fleas. But there are also natural ways to simply make the environment less habitable for fleas.

• Shampoo your pet with a flea shampoo: Shampooing removes fleas, eggs and residual dandruff and flea dirt that larvae feed upon. Lather should remain on the pet for at least 15 minutes to be effective. Most shampoos contain Pyrethrins, which are derived from the chrysanthemum plant and kill fleas on the animal quickly.

• Vacuum frequently and thoroughly: Vacuuming removes eggs and fleas from carpeting and upholstery. Discard the vacuum bag immediately, however, as fleas can hatch inside of the bag.

• Light traps: It seems fleas are drawn toward light, especially when the light is broken by a shadow (simulating prey moving by). Fleas will jump toward the light. Sticky light traps can help control the numbers of fleas.

• Outdoors: Flea larvae develop in shaded, humid areas, but cannot survive in wet areas. Rainfall is often enough to stop larval development. The larvae will drown and the food provided by adult fleas is no longer available if the lawn is wet. Simply taking out the hose and wetting down the lawn and yard frequently can be all that's needed to rid the yard of fleas.

Ticks, too, prefer certain optimal conditions for growth. While you cannot rearrange your landscape completely to prevent ticks from invading your space, there are some steps to take. Here's what the experts at Lowes suggest:

• Buffer the property: Create a "buffer" zone around your lawn and garden, especially if you are near a wooded area. An area at least three feet wide should be between your lawn and the wooded area. Fill the area with a band of bark or stone mulch.

• Bright light: Ticks do not survive long in bright sunlight. Attempt to increase the amount of sunlight that reaches your lawn and yard.

• Fire up the lawnmower: Mow the lawn so that the grass does not get too tall.

• Be selective in greenery: Choose plants that do not attract deer, which are notable carriers of ticks.

A tick has barbed mouthparts that attach securely to a host. If you find a tick on yourself or a pet, remove the tick by pulling it out with tweezers. Attempt to get as close to the mouthparts as possible. Do not squeeze the tick while removing, as it could expel regurgitated blood and secretions into the wound. Remove the entire tick and then disinfect the bite area. TF087047

(MS) — The bond between a pet owner and pet is a strong one. Before leaving for work each morning, most pet owners make sure to say goodbye to their pet, especially if the family pet is a dog.

These devoted dog owners typically miss their dog while at work, and the feeling is mutual. In fact, some dogs even suffer from separation anxiety. Oftentimes, the behavior that results from separation anxiety is misunderstood, leading dog owners to think their dog is being disruptive or just has a bad temperament. That couldn’t be further from the truth for most dogs — and only highlights the importance of understanding and recognizing separation anxiety in dogs to avoid misdiagnosis.

What is Separation Anxiety?

Separation anxiety in dogs occurs when dogs are left alone. In a typical case, a dog will have a dramatic anxiety response within 20 to 45 minutes after their owners leave them. These responses can include digging, chewing or scratching at doors in an attempt to reunite with their owners, or howling or barking to get their owners to return. Dogs may even grow so distressed they urinate or defecate inside the house. This occurs even in dogs that are house trained and otherwise well behaved. Many dog owners assume these negative responses are a dog’s attempt at punishing the owner for leaving. Instead, these responses are the result of a panic attack the dog suffers when the owner leaves.

Why Does a Dog Suffer from Separation Anxiety?

The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) notes that the exact reasons for why some dogs experience anxiety while others are perfectly fine when left alone is unknown. For some dogs, these anxiety attacks can be triggered by a number of circumstances:

• a dog accustomed to constant human companionship is left alone for the first time.

• a traumatic event, such as being left at a kennel during a family vacation (Note: The traumatic event likely won’t seem traumatic to the pet owner, but could be very traumatic to the pet.)

• a change in routine, such as a shift in work schedule or even moving to a new home

How Do I Know If This is Separation Anxiety?

The signs of separation anxiety are rather easy to detect and include the following:

• the behavior occurs primarily when the dog is left alone

• the dog seems especially excited or frantic when greeting

• the negative behavior always occurs when the dog is left
alone, be it for 8 minutes or 8 hours

• the dog grows excited or even depressed when you are
preparing to leave the house

• the dog doesn’t like being outside alone

What Can I Do to Help?

While it’s important to consult a veterinarian if you suspect your dog is suffering from separation anxiety, the HSUS suggests the following techniques for dealing with dogs with mild or moderate anxiety problems:

• Don’t make a big spectacle when coming and going. When you get home from work, ignore your dog for a few minutes, then calmly pet him or her. Of course this will be difficult, but it will help the situation.

• Leave your dog a reminder of you during the day. This can be an article of clothing you recently wore or something else that has your scent attached to it.|

• Keep a radio or television on in the house so your dog can hear comforting voices and not just silence.

For dogs who exhibit more severe or advanced symptoms of separation anxiety, visit the HSUS Web site at www.hsus.org. TF087079

(MS) — This is the season for bottle rockets and thunderclaps. What causes many people to look up in the sky in awe could be prompting your pet to cower under the bed.

Some pets are extremely sound sensitive. These dog and cats may suffer a high level of fear and stress when exposed to loud noises such as fireworks, gunshots, thunder and vehicle backfires, according to the Association of Pet Dog Trainers. In such a state of anxiety, pets may jump through windows, scale fences, or do whatever is in their means to escape normal confinement systems, such as leashes or cages.

“It makes a lot of sense for animals to be afraid of loud, sudden noises. In the wilds, noise of this magnitude would be correlated with some real danger, like a landslide or tornado,” says Janice Willard, DVM. “We may be able to understand that a fireworks display is just entertainment, but for our pets, the fear is very real and related to basic survival instincts.”

Not all pets react the same way to loud noises. And some are bothered by one noise and not another. It pays to get in tune with what frightens your dog or cat.

“What may cause fear in a dog and how the dog responds behaviorally will vary between dogs. Noise phobias are not mutually exclusive. Some dogs may only be fearful of thunderstorms, while others may also be afraid of fireworks and other loud noises,” says Dr. Kari Wallentine, a veterinarian and graduate student in animal sciences and industry at Kansas State University.

While it is often difficult to teach an old dog — or cat — new tricks, there are steps to reduce pets’ anxiety when loud noises are stressful.

1. Be mindful of when fireworks displays or other loud events, such as block parties or community festivals are taking place in your neighborhood. You can anticipate whether the noise will be frightening to your pet and take the necessary precautions.

2. If your pet spends most time outdoors, move him or her inside if there are fireworks or thunderstorms. Not only does this safeguard the pet’s safety, it can help reduce the level of stress from these loud events.

3. Make attempts to muffle the frightening sounds. Move your pet into an inside room, such as a basement or a large closet so he or she is far enough away from the noise. Keep the room dim and think about playing soft music or placing the television on to serve as white noise.

4. Don’t encourage your pet’s behavior, but don’t punish it either. “Ignore fearful behavior the best you can, even though it may be difficult,” says Dr. Wallentine. “Don’t punish your pet or do anything that your pet might find rewarding, such as petting or talking soothingly; this may increase the fearful behavior and phobia.”

5. There’s a difference between intermittent fear and a serious phobia. If your pet’s health is compromised by loud noises or other triggers, talk to your veterinarian and see what behavioral treatment options or medications there may be available. TF087045

(MS) — As the weather warms up, mosquito populations will increase, as will the potential for mosquito-borne diseases. Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) and West Nile Virus are diseases that can plague horses and be potentially dangerous. Many times cases of infection can prove fatal.

Transmission to horses or humans requires mosquito species capable of creating a “bridge” between infected birds and uninfected mammals such as some Aedes, Coquillettidia, and Culex species, say experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Already, nine cases of EEE have been confirmed in Florida alone since the beginning of the year. There were a total of 18 cases of EEE in 2007 for the entire year.

“I am very concerned about the high number of cases so early in the year and I hope it doesn’t mean we are in for a bad year,” says Florida Agriculture and Consumer Services Commissioner Charles H. Bronson. “But we can take steps to keep that from happening, and that is to get the vaccinations done as quickly as possible.”

EEE is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system. Signs of the virus include fever, listlessness, stumbling, circling, coma and usually death. The disease is fatal in horses in 90 percent of the cases. Vaccines are available to protect horses from the virus, but these medicines should be used as part of a mosquito-reduction process to be most effective.

Removing mosquitoes from property is essential to controlling the diseases they carry. The most effective method is to destroy the mosquito larval habitat by removing all potential sources of stagnant water, in which mosquitoes might breed. Mosquitoes can breed in any puddle that lasts more than four days. So be sure to drain water buckets, water troughs, wading pools, birdbaths, plastic containers, or any water-holding container.

It is also recommended to stable horses inside during peak mosquito feeding times, which include dawn and dusk. Use of mosquito-resistant structures such as well-maintained insect screening and fans may reduce potential access of mosquitoes to equine and other livestock hosts. EL086969

(MS) — You would never dream of leaving your child outside in the summer sun for several hours without protection, so why would you leave your pet out there?
Sun protection is important — even for the furry members of our family. Many people don’t realize it, but veterinarians say pets suffer the same problems humans do, like overheating, dehydration and even sunburn.

There are two key things you can do to protect your pets from the heat, say officials with the Humane Society of the United States: Provide them with plenty of water and shade. Making sure Fido has enough water is easy, but the shade part can be tricky for those with sunny yards. However, now there’s an easy way to create shade in any yard.

Easy Gardener’s Sun Screen Fabric is a protective mesh covering that’s great to use for creating a UV protective tent or large covering over your pet’s outside areas. Creating a shaded area for your pets is easy with the fabric. In addition, once you install your Sun Screen Fabric, it will last a long time and it cleans easily with a garden hose. Even in wet conditions, the cloth deters mildew because it is made with breathable fabric.

The attractive Sun Screen Fabric comes in a variety of colors: heavy black, smoke blue, saddle tan and heavy green. You also have a choice of size. The six foot wide Sun Screen Fabric comes in lengths from 20 feet to 100 feet.

The innovative, breathable fabric allows heat to escape while cooling the shaded area and reducing temperatures up to 15 degrees. As mentioned, installing the fabric is easy, even for those who aren’t “do-it-yourselfers.” Included with Sun Screen Fabric are project suggestions as well as a project ideas brochure. For further information call Easy Gardener at 1-800-327-9462 or visit www.easygardener.com.

Easy Gardener has several accessories that make installing the fabric a breeze: wood fasteners, snap grommets, locking clips and locking ties. All of the accessories will be located next to the Sun Screen Fabric at your local gardening store or chain retailer. EL086926

(MS) — As the weather warms, pet owners generally head outdoors to enjoy time with their dogs or cats. What many do not know is that hookworms and roundworms could potentially put family members at risk during this time of year as pets and humans share the same outdoor areas.

Identifying Hookworms and Roundworms

Roundworms: Roundworms are very large, white worms that, when mature, reside in the intestines of pets. They typically leach nutrients from the animal and lay eggs, which may be expelled in the feces. Roundworms tend to do little harm to the pet, except for discomfort during a bad infestation.

Hookworms: These are another intestinal parasite. Hookworms grasp onto the inner surface of the small intestine with the teeth and then pierce a blood vessel. Hookworms, like roundworms, can be acquired through ingestion, and some animals are born with the parasite passed on from their mothers. Hookworms are also unique in that they can penetrate the skin and enter the body that way.

Threat to People

Simple medication is all that's needed to treat these parasitic worms in most cases. So why all the concern? While most pet diseases are not communicable to humans, hookworms and roundworms are the exception. A recent survey found that nearly half of dog owners, 42 percent, do not know that hookworms and roundworms can transmit harmful diseases to family and friends.

Toxocariasis

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), symptoms of toxocariasis include ocular larva migrans (OLM), an eye disease that can cause blindness. OLM occurs when a microscopic worm enters the eye; it may cause inflammation and formation of a scar on the retina. Each year more than 700 people infected with the Toxocara parasite experience permanent partial loss of vision. Longer exposure to toxocara can lead to visceral larva migrans (VLM).VLM causes swelling of the body's organs or central nervous system. Symptoms of VLM, which are caused by the movement of the worms through the body, include fever, coughing, asthma, or pneumonia.

People generally get infected by these parasites which are zoonotic (animal to human) by frequenting areas where pets are known to soil frequently. Parasite eggs are present in animal stool and contaminate the environment. An adult or child can become infected after accidentally ingesting infectious eggs in soil or other contaminated surfaces. The eggs will hatch into larvae and produce symptoms.

Children are at high risk of infection because of the manner in which they play and investigate the world. They are frequently at ground level and may not understand what hidden dangers lie in the soil or on the surfaces they touch.

Hookworm Infection

People are not the desired food source for hookworms, but nonetheless, they can end up in our bodies. Hookworms can thrive outside of the body, preferring warm, moist soil or sand. This is a reason dogs and cats are not permitted on public beaches during the season. Hookworm larvae can penetrate the skin of a person or be inadvertently consumed by touching a surface where the eggs are present. Since people are an unnatural host, the larva never make it to the intestine to suck blood. They simply wiggle beneath the skin, eventually die and can cause an inflammatory reaction.

Preventing Infection

There are preventative steps every pet owner should take to ensure the safety of their family against toxocariasis and other infectious zoonotic diseases. The CDC recommends the following:

• Have your veterinarian treat your dogs and cats, especially young animals, regularly for worms.

• Wash your hands well with soap and water after playing with your pets and after outdoor activities, especially before you eat. Teach children to always wash their hands after playing with dogs and cats and after playing outdoors.

• Do not allow children to play in areas that are soiled with pet or other animal stool.

• Clean your pet's living area at least once a week. Feces should be either buried or bagged and disposed of in the trash.

• Teach children that it is dangerous to eat dirt or soil. TF084681

(MS) -- Special Easter pets are a part of the celebration for many families. That's why each year doting parents and grandparents race to the pet store or farm in search of a baby chick or rabbit for the kids in their lives. Unfortunately, the joy of those Easter bundles is often short-lived.
According to the American Humane Association (AHA), the vast majority of the baby bunnies, chicks and ducklings that are given as Easter gifts may only survive the first few weeks after the holiday. For animals that do survive, the novelty of the pet can wear off pretty quickly as cute babies turn into larger, adult rabbits, chickens and ducks. Here are some facts to consider:
* The gift of a pet may be an unwelcome surprise. The recipient may not want or be permitted to have a pet.
* Ducklings, chicks and bunnies are vulnerable animals. They require special feeding, care and consistent temperature control. They're also very fragile. During the course of play, small children often unwittingly break the animals' fragile bones and cause other fatal injuries.
* If the novelty wears off, these animals are often released to animal control groups, where they could be euthanized. Other times, they're simply left in the woods or other area to fend for themselves.
This Easter, carefully weigh the options of bringing a bunny or chick into the house as a special pet for children. It may be better to substitute a stuffed animal in a real one's place. TF084755

(MS) — Behind dogs, cats and small furry animals, birds are desired housepets. Birds come in a variety of tropical varieties, with brilliant color or song displays. Depending upon the breed and time of purchase, some birds can be taught to be quite affectionate, or mimic words or phrases.

Unlike their four-legged pet companions, birds require more attention to detail with care. Feeding and temperature maintenance are important factors. With this in mind, follow these guidelines if you’re considering bird ownership. These tips are courtesy of the Avian Association of Veterinarians (AAV).

Housing
A bird will spend the majority of its time confined in a cage. Therefore, choose the largest cage you can accommodate in your home. Allow width for wingspan extension and height for birds with long tail feathers. The cage should be made from a nontoxic material, and will need to be strong enough to withstand dismantling attempts by birds.

Choose perches that are easy to clean and easily replaceable. Give birds (depending upon species) different perching options.

Nutrition
Diet is one of the most important considerations when purchasing a bird. It should be your primary area of focus in overall care. The AAV says adequate feeding plans may be developed from a wide variety of commonly available foods, or formulated diets specially prepared for birds by commercial companies may be offered. Birds tend to rely on variety in order to maintain proper health and fitness. Ask your avian veterinarian for recommendations on feeding your bird.

Bird Environment
Healthy birds can adapt to housing conditions that are generally comfortable to its owner. But sudden fluctuations in temperature may prove a shock to a bird that is ill or even a healthy one. When possible, try to tailor humidity levels to what the species of bird would be accustomed to in the wild. Tropical birds may appreciate the steam of a shower or misting with water. PE083554

(MS) — It is dangerous to keep an “exotic” animal as a pet. It is also inhumane, say animal experts, because the pets are often forced to live captive. Wild animals are simply not accustomed to living with people and relying on them for care. Also, their unpredictability or size/strength make them a force to reckon with in many cases. Domesticated dogs and cats have been adjusting to life with humans for generations upon generations. One can’t simply assume a wild animal will do this in a matter of months or years.

The risk of public injury is not restricted to size or type of wild animal. Exotics of all shapes and sizes can present unique risks. Small animals, such as lizards or arachnids, pose the same dangers as larger animals, such as birds of prey or large cats. Many exotics carry diseases for which there is no immunization or preventative vaccine available. Serious public health concerns, including rabies, ringworm, tuberculosis, and polio can be carried by wild animals.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 93,000 cases of reptile-associated salmonellosis occur each year in the United States, resulting in as many as 10 deaths. All reptiles and amphibians carry salmonella and are capable of passing the bacteria on to household members even without direct contact. Macaque monkeys, a popular exotic pet, can transmit herpes B virus to humans through bites or saliva, with often fatal results.

Most regular people do not have the means, education and space necessary to care for wild animals. Case in point is the tiger attack that occurred in late 2007 at a California zoo, in which a Siberian tiger mauled two men and killed another. In general, zookeepers have an animal-care advantage over the general public in terms of knowing the precautions necessary for an animal of this size. But even the professionals at the zoo failed to realize the capabilities of the tiger, which scaled an enclosure that was not at the recommended height. Still, there are individuals who keep tigers, lions and other big cats at home as pets.
Exotic animals require specialized care and professional expertise. Ultimately the animal suffers if kept as a pet. Dogs and cats in shelters looking for homes make much better pets for the family. PE083576

(MS) — The dip in the housing market has done much more than force many homeowners into foreclosure. It is has caused many pets to become homeless.

A foreclosure epidemic is sweeping the country. But reports of animals being left behind when the family moves out is unnerving to many animal rescue organizations and pet lovers everywhere. The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) urges all pet owners faced with foreclosure to take their pets with them when they relocate.

“Abandoning pets, for any reason, is not only irresponsible — it is illegal,” says Stephanie Shain, director of outreach for companion animals at the HSUS. “Pet owners may feel financially unable to care for their pets or are overwhelmed by a sudden move, but there are many alternatives to leaving pets behind.”
Abandoned pets face a grim future. Many pets trapped inside abandoned homes aren’t found until they’re on the brink of starvation. Those lucky enough to reach a shelter have about a 50 percent chance of being adopted.

Shain says, “No one likes to think of leaving their pet at a shelter, but if you can’t take him with you, it is by far more humane than leaving them in an apartment or a house alone. Too many animals die alone this way every year. If people are absolutely unable to care for their pet any longer, they should take him or her to their local animal shelter or animal control agency. The shelter can provide food and housing while they try and locate a new home.”

Unfortunate outcomes for pets can be avoided by following some steps offered by the HSUS.
• Give yourself enough time. If possible, check ads and contact real estate agents and rental agencies at least six weeks before you plan to move or when you first learn that foreclosure and/or eviction may be in your future.

• Make use of available resources. Contact the humane society or animal care and control agency serving the area into which you are moving; the agency may be able to provide you with a list of apartment communities that allow pets.

• Gather proof that you’re responsible. The more documentation you can provide attesting to your conscientiousness as a pet owner, the more convincing your appeal will be to your future landlord. This can include statements from current property managers and neighbors that you maintain your pet responsibly, as well as copies of veterinary records showing ongoing pet care.

• Get it in writing. Once you have permission from a landlord, manager, or condominium committee to have a pet, be sure to get it in writing. Comprehensive agreements protect people, property and the pets themselves.

Individuals facing financial hardships can reduce the cost of pet ownership in many ways. Some tips include:

• While buying expensive toys and accessories has become a popular way to demonstrate your attachment to your pet, your pet can be just as happy with less expensive toys or homemade toys. They need your love and attention more than a pricey product. Tips for inexpensive toys can be found at humanesociety.org by searching for “dog toys” or “cat toys.”

• Keep your pets safe inside or on a leash while walking outside. Animals allowed to roam freely are more prone to accidents and resulting veterinary bills.

• Let your veterinarian know that finances are tight and ask that he or she prescribe only the most vital vaccinations to keep your pet healthy.

• Consider pet health insurance to minimize the shock of an expensive bill from the veterinarian in case of an unexpected illness or injury.

For more tips on finding pet-friendly housing please visit humanesociety.org/rentwithpets. For more information on low-cost pet care tips please visit humanesociety.org and search for “veterinary care.” PE083577
Information courtesy of The Humane Society of the United States

(MS) — The term “man’s best friend” might nowadays be something of a misnomer. Dogs have long held the distinction of being man’s closest pal, but figures from the U.S. Census Bureau note that cats actually outnumber dogs by a large margin. While there are 74 million dogs throughout the country, that figure pales in comparison to the roughly 90 million felines across the nation. Another shift with respect to pets is the absence of dog houses. While backyards were once a dog’s place to roam and sleep, dog houses have largely become a thing of the past. In fact, according to the National Pet Owner’s Survey, more and more dogs are now enjoying the same sleeping arrangements as their owners, as 41 percent of dog owners admit they share their beds with their dogs. PE083585

(MS) — Are you thinking of adding a pet to the family? While cats, dogs and birds are certainly popular companions, have you ever considered a ferret?

Domesticated ferrets can make wonderful pets. However, due to misinformation and general lack of knowledge about these animals, they’re often passed up at the pet store.

Here we debunk the myths about ferrets, leaving you to discover whether these furry creatures might be just what you’re looking for.

Myth: Ferrets are rodents like rats and mice.

Truth: Ferrets are not rodents. They’re related to minks, weasels, skunks, and otters. They’re actually scientifically classified somewhere between dogs and cats.

Myth: Ferrets are wild animals and do not make good pets.

Fact: Domesticated ferrets are known by the name Mustela furo, and have been domesticated for thousands of years. There are wild versions of the ferret, but pet ferrets are of the domesticated variety and cannot survive on their own without human intervention.

Myth: Ferrets are entirely independent and do not interact well with people.

Fact: Ferrets range in disposition just like any pet. Some can be very friendly and provide great companionship. Others may be more aloof. Generally speaking, ferrets like to spend time with their human friends, travel with them and play together.

Myth: Ferrets pose a serious rabies danger.

Fact: Studies have indicated that it is very difficult for ferrets to catch rabies. If they do, they tend to die rather quickly, reducing the risk for infecting someone. Also, there are ferret rabies vaccinations available.

Myth: Ferrets attack babies often and are terrible pets for children.

Fact: There are far fewer reports of ferret attacks on children than dog or cat bites/scratches. Children excite more easily and generally exhibit fluctuating behavior patterns that could make any pet uneasy. Therefore, children should always be supervised with any pet. If a child is responsible, careful, not too rough, and old enough, a ferret could be a good pet.

Myth: Ferrets should be the only pet in the house.

Fact: Most ferrets don’t get along with birds, fish, rabbits, rodents, and lizards. Through patience, they can become acclimated to dogs and cats, provided the dog or cat isn’t known for being a predator or having strong hunting instincts.

Ferret Care

Now that some of the misconceptions about ferrets have been cleared up, it’s time to learn about ferret care.

Ferrets can be trained to use a litter box, so they require less maintenance than a dog. Experiment with the type of litter box your ferret likes as well as litter.

You will need to ferret-proof the home because ferrets are active explorers and love to squeeze into small holes and crevices. They are also known for “stealing” small items and hiding them around the house. Ferrets are also good climbers and jumpers.

Ferrets have a natural musky odor to them. Scent glands by the tail can be removed to avoid “spraying” when frightened, but the ferret will always excrete natural oils on the skin that smell musky. Resist the urge to wash a ferret frequently to remove the scent. This will only cause the ferret to produce more oil to compensate for the loss. Rather, change bedding and other cage items frequently to reduce the smell if bothersome.
Ferrets have bursts of energy followed by long resting periods. They generally will be content to stay in a cage most of the day and allowed roaming time if you don’t want your ferret to constantly have run of the house. Put some sort of bedding (old T-shirts or towels) into the cage because the animal won’t want to sleep on the floor of the cage. Don’t put in wood shavings or chips because they can cause respiratory problems or allergies. Ferrets will also need food and water bowls in the cage. Because ferrets have a tendency to play in water bowls, consider a drip water supplier used for rabbits and hamsters instead.

These frisky animals like to play and should be kept amused. Cat toys work well for ferrets, provided there are no small pieces that can be swallowed.

Most people feed their ferrets high-quality cat food, such as Iams, Science Diet, or ProPlan. Choose the dry variety of foods because they contain more protein and can help remove plaque from the ferret’s teeth. Ferrets require a lot of protein, so choose “kitten or growth” formulas. Ferret experts say there is food marketed specifically for ferrets, but most is just slightly modified cat food that’s priced higher.

You may also want to purchase a leash for your ferret to take him on short walks. A bell on a collar is a good way of keep track of your ferret as well. PE083545

(MS) — When it comes to poison proofing a home, lots of people might assume it’s only necessary for homes with young children. But homes that have pets, be it a friendly feline or man’s best friend, need to be safe as well.

Keeping pets safe from poisons is especially important since many pets spend much time at home alone. While you’re at work, for example, a pet likely has free reign over the home, leaving open the possibility of all sorts of unsupervised trouble. To poison-proof your home for pets, consider the following tips.

• Know your poisonous plants. Plants are a major poison hazard for pets, be it cats or dogs. For dogs, poisonous plants can include azaleas, morning glory, oleander, and even daffodils. For cats, the list includes geraniums, primrose, iris, and marigold. Consult a veterinarian for a complete listing of potentially poisonous plants. If you have any of these plants in your home, be sure they are elevated to a height that a dog cannot reach and away from a anything that a cat could climb onto.

• Lock all kitchen and bathroom cabinets. Typically, cleaners are kept in the cabinets below the sink in bathrooms and kitchens. A resourceful pet can get into such cabinets if they’re not locked. Unfortunately, many cleaning products can be lethal to pets if ingested. Be sure to lock all cabinets where cleaning products are kept.

In addition, whenever you use these products, close the door and keep pets out while doing so. Don’t spray any product into the air while a pet is in the room.

• Keep the toilet lid closed. While it can be comical to imagine a dog drinking from the toilet, it can also be very dangerous. That’s because automatic toilet cleaners contain chemicals that can make pets very sick. Always close the toilet lid whenever you’ve finished using the bathroom.

• Keep intentional poisons away from pets. Sometimes, homes with pets get unwanted guests. If your home has mice or other rodents, be sure to keep all rodenticides out of a pet’s reach. Also, even if you do place a rodenticide in a location your cat or dog can’t reach, that doesn’t mean they won’t necessarily be exposed to it. That’s because rodents can transport these poisons to a different location in your home. Before deciding on a rodenticide, first determine if it’s worth the risk you’re putting your pets at should they be exposed.

The same rules apply to insecticides as well. If you suspect an insecticide could be harmful to your pet, consult your veterinarian.

• Do not leave batteries lying around. Pets, especially dogs, love to chew on household items. Batteries left out can be very harmful and even lethal to pets if they chew on them. Keep batteries in closed drawers and make sure any batteries that have been discarded are not placed in trash cans that don’t have a closeable lid.

• Keep your garage and driveway clean. A car that leaks fluids is not only bad for your wallet, but can be very harmful to your pet as well. Keep your driveway and garage as clean as possible, and thoroughly and immediately clean up after any leaks. Products such as windshield washer fluid, antifreeze, and motor oil should be stored high on shelves in the garage.

• Keep lawn products away from pets. Many dogs love to eat lawn fertilizer, oddly enough. Keep bags tightly sealed and stored in a place that’s difficult for dogs to get to. In addition, keep dogs away from the yard after herbicides have been applied. Allow time for the herbicides to dry before sending your pet out in the backyard. PE083552

(MS) — It would seem that domesticated pets get to live the life of Riley. They’re fed regular meals, get to sleep most of the day, and then have happy pet parents waiting to give them love and affection. Unfortunately for many would-be pets, they don’t get to share in this happy home scenario.

The chief reason for that is the overpopulation problem pertaining to cats and dogs throughout the country. The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) estimates between three and four million cats and dogs are euthanized each year, which translates to nearly 10,000 cats and dogs being prematurely put to rest every day. That pushes the problem to epidemic levels.

Part of the problem in addressing overpopulation is a failure of pet lovers to realize just how damaging it can be, and how quickly things can get out of hand. Consider the following: in just six years, a female dog and her offspring can give birth to 67,000 puppies. That means that unless your dog is already spayed, she could become the matriarch of a family that will be 67,000 strong by 2012. The numbers are even more staggering for cats, as one cat and her offspring can produce 420,000 kittens within the next seven years.

While many people will truthfully admit to being dutiful pet owners and pet lovers, the very fact that one cat can see its lineage increase by nearly half a million in just seven years is an eye-opening prospect, one that may result in euthanization for many of those kittens.

But what to do? A mountain of misinformation exists that forces many people to see spaying or neutering as inhumane when in reality it’s the most humane thing to do, lest a situation arise where animals are born solely to end up euthanized.

The HSUS points to legislation and education as an effective means for curing the overpopulation problem. Some legislation has already been enacted to do just that. For instance, spaying and neutering fees are often expensive, leaving less incentive for pet owners to spay or neuter pets or their offspring, which in turn leads to more animals being euthanized. However, in communities where spay/neuter programs have been subsidized (hence lowering the costs), the number of animals euthanized has declined sharply. If your community has yet to pass such legislation, pushing for it is a good idea.

Additional legislation can be passed as well that could greatly reduce the number of animals that are put down each year. For example, raising the licensing fee for animals that are not spayed or neutered is a good way to encourage pet owners to sterilize their pets. In lieu of plucking at the heart strings with tales of euthanized animals, such legislation would instead pluck at the purse strings, something that would likely grab more attention.

What’s more, many animal shelters mandate that adopted animals must be spayed or neutered prior to leaving the facility. This ensures that any adopted animals will not contribute to the overpopulation problem.

But as much as legislation is necessary, in the meantime the best thing pet owners can do is to spay or neuter their pets and adopt those pets from a shelter. Such actions are a key step in reducing overpopulation and ensuring a future where all pets can spend some quality time at your feet on the couch or lounging around in the backyard on a lazy summer day. PE083553

(MS) — National Pet Dental Health Month is celebrated each February to educate pet owners and veterinary health care team members on the importance of routine pet dental check-ups and home care maintenance options such as brushing, routinely checking a pet’s teeth and gums, and feeding specialized daily balanced nutrition like Hill’s® Prescription Diet® t/d® Canine and Feline pet foods. Through routine maintenance pet owners can prevent plaque and tartar buildup, resulting in a healthier mouth and a happier life.

“Effective oral home care coupled with regular professional dental care provides the pet with an optimal combination for maintaining a healthy mouth,” said Linda J. DeBowes, D.V.M., MS. “This combination not only decreases plaque accumulation, but also provides an opportunity to identify oral problems earlier than what might otherwise have been found.”

Emerging science is showing that the mouth is a window into the health of the human body which can show signs of nutritional deficiencies or general infection. For example, systemic diseases — those that affect the entire body — may first become apparent as a part of periodontal disease. To address this, the American Dental Association recommends adult men and women brush twice a day, eat balanced meals and schedule routine dental visits for professional cleanings and oral exams. This protocol for a healthy mouth doesn’t simply apply to humans. Many pet owners don’t realize the steps dental health maintenance should also be applied to their canine and feline companions, and effective plaque control can prevent a large percentage of pet periodontitis cases.

To help remind pet owners how important dental health is to their cats and dogs, Hill’s Pet Nutrition Inc., maker of Prescription Diet® and Science Diet® brand pet foods, is pleased to co-sponsor February’s National Pet Dental Health Month along with the American Veterinary Medical Association, American Veterinary Dental Society, Academy of Veterinary Dentistry, American Veterinary Dental College and Academy of Veterinary Dental Technicians.

It is vital for pet owners to understand that while February is the month designated to the promotion of pet dental health, ensuring proper oral care requires a yearlong commitment. According to the AVDS, it is estimated that more than 80 percent of dogs and cats age four and older show signs of oral disease, often indicated by bad breath, a change in eating or chewing habits, pawing at the face and mouth, and depression. If inflammation of the gum is left untreated, the bone around the roots of teeth can deteriorate, and as the bone tissue is destroyed, teeth may become loose or fall out. Eventually, the infection can cause receding gums and tooth loss and bacteria may enter the bloodstream, potentially affecting the heart, liver and kidneys.

“Pet owners need to remember that periodontal disease is very common, and even if a dog or cat doesn’t require therapeutic care, it does need preventive care,” said Ellen I. Logan, D.V.M., Ph.D., manager, Hill’s Veterinary Consultation Services. “Every visit to the veterinarian should include dialogue regarding the pet’s dental health. By working together, the veterinary health care team and client create a better overall quality of life for the pet.”

For more information on proper pet dental care, contact your veterinarian and visit PetDental.com. PE083568

(MS) — When a family decides to welcome a dog into their home, it can be a day to remember for all involved. Dogs not only make great pets, but they make great friends as well, renowned for their unconditional loyalty.

But how successful a dog will adapt to its new family rests on a variety of factors beyond the dog’s control. Choosing the right dog involves more than just picking out that doggy in the window. Before families head to the shelter or nearby breeder, it’s important to consider the following factors to ensure that both the family and the dog will prove a good match for each other.

Temperament
Like people, dogs come in all shapes and sizes, and all different temperaments, too. A dog’s temperament is arguably the most important thing for a family to consider when shopping for a dog. While certain breeds have become known for exhibiting certain behaviors, oftentimes the science is less exact. For example, while pit bulls are widely considered aggressive dogs, many pit bull owners would say that’s a generalization. Many have stated that their dogs, while active and fun-loving, aren’t aggressive toward humans or other dogs.

The best way to judge a dog’s temperament is to observe the dog itself before buying it. Also observe the behavior of the dog’s parents, as just like humans dogs get a lot of their behavioral patterns from mom and dad. Of course, such observation is typically only available if families go to a breeder, which will be more expensive. If you must go to a kennel, observe how a dog behaves around other dogs, and see how a dog you might adopt reacts to different members of your family, particularly children.

Financial Commitment

How much a dog initially costs won’t necessarily impact how well the dog fits into a family. However, certain breeds are more costly than others over the long haul. If money is tight, the dog may be the first to have to do without, and this could lead to physical and temperamental problems with the dog down the road.

A prime example is the English bulldog. While a popular and desirable breed to many, it’s very common for bulldogs to come with a host of physical ailments, including respiratory problems and problems with their hips that could require surgery. Families with multiple children might want to avoid such a breed in order to keep money saved for the unforeseen problems and expenses that typically arise. A dog that has needs that aren’t met will most likely develop problems, be it physical, temperamental, or both, so families need to get a grasp of the long-term financial commitments that accompany certain breeds before choosing a dog.

Current Family Members

The makeup of a family and the lives that family leads will also determine how well a dog will adapt to a given environment. Families with young children often make the mistake of choosing a dog that is very small, the theory being that a smaller dog poses less of a threat to the child. While that might be true, it doesn’t take into consideration the threat the child or children can pose to the dog. Particularly for toddlers and younger grade school children, small dogs such as shih tzus or chihuahuas are often seen as toys. This can be very harmful to the dog, which needs to be treated gently.
Another thing to consider is the lifestyles of all family members. Dogs are known for their loyalty, and often feel they need to protect the family’s turf. For families with very social lifestyles that often include inviting friends over to the house, a dog that is less protective and more friendly to strangers would be the best match.

Allergies

Before even considering which dog to get, have all members of the household tested for dog allergies. Many people are allergic to dogs, which can make for a miserable home life. There are inoculations available that can negate a pet allergy, but be sure to visit an allergist first and see just what you may or may not be allergic to. PE083578

(MS) — When it comes to choosing a physician, it’s often hit or miss. For some people, a doctor’s bedside manner is extremely important, while others care more about a doctor’s credentials than his compassion.

The same is often true for pet owners when it comes time to choose a veterinarian, though in many cases pet owners prefer a vet who has a gentle approach to their pet. Since a pet cannot speak for himself, it is important to find a vet who will be gentle with the animal, but several other factors should go into a pet owner’s decision as well.

• Reputation: A vet’s reputation is often his best reference. When looking for a vet, seek advice from family, friends or coworkers. When doing so, be sure to get a grasp of that person’s approach to pet care. Just like there are different breeds of dogs, there are different types of dog owners. Some take a more lax approach to pet care, only taking their dog to the vet when something’s noticeably wrong. Such people might not be the best judge, since they likely have little experience with the vet. Find someone who has a conscientious approach to pet care and seek their advice on a vet. If no one in your circle of family and friends can offer advice, visit a nearby dog park and ask for advice. Even if you don’t own a dog, you’re liable to get valuable insight.

• Facilities: A veterinarian's facilities should also be considered. The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) offers a voluntary membership that offers guidelines with respect to facilities, equipment and the quality of care. Those who volunteer for this membership must meet those guidelines, so pet owners who see that an animal hospital is a member of AAHA can be certain that the hospital is up to snuff.

• Specialty: Much like physicians, veterinarians can specialize in certain areas, and some even specialize in certain breeds. This could be something pet owners, particularly those who might own a purebred dog, would want. For some, however, this might not be of the utmost importance. If possible, choose and animal hospital that has a specialist on staff, even if your individual vet is another doctor. This can make any unforeseen circumstance, such as emergency surgery, less difficult to deal with.

• Fees: While it is available, most pet owners don’t have pet insurance. Therefore, fees should be considered before choosing a vet. Still, simply because a vet charges more for standard visits or consultations doesn’t necessarily mean he’s the best vet in town. It could simply mean that the town he practices in is more affluent, and his business costs (i.e., rent, utilities, etc.) are higher and force him to charge higher standard fees. Because pet ownership is such a big commitment, it’s important to get a grasp of these fees before choosing a vet.

• Emergency service: This can be very important when choosing a vet. Know what type of emergency service the hospital your vet is associated with provides. No pet owner wants to find themselves in an emergency and not know what to do. If a certain hospital does not meet your emergency requirements, look elsewhere. If that’s not an option, always be sure to keep a history of vet visits, so in the case of an emergency, you’re immediately and fully prepared to show your animal’s history if you need to see a vet whom you have not seen before.

• Proximity: Proximity can be especially important for pet owners. It’s just more convenient to be nearby to a veterinarian. If the vet’s office is far away, that could be costly in case of an emergency. In addition, routine appointments have a tendency to get put off if the vet is too far away. In general, try and use a vet located close enough to your home to make both of these things a non-issue. If need be, you can always consult a vet who specializes in your breed while allowing a nearby vet handle the more routine consultations. PE083579

(MS) — Pets are a beloved part of the family, offering loyalty, love and devotion and hopefully getting the same in return. Also like the rest of the family, pets can get sick.
One of the more serious diseases pets can get is heartworm. Nearly every pet owner is aware of heartworm upon their first trip to the veterinarian’s office. That’s because one of the first things a vet will tell a pet owner is the pet needs its monthly heartworm pills. While it’s common knowledge a pet needs medicine to ward off heartworm, just what heartworm is might not be as widely known.

Explaining Heartworm

Potentially fatal, heartworm is caused by parasitic worms living in the arteries of the lungs of dogs, cats and other mammals. On occasion, these parasites can also inhabit the right side of a dog’s heart.

Animals indirectly get heartworm from other animals that are harboring the heartworm infection. When a mosquito bites an infected animal and takes that animal’s infected blood, the disease can then be transferred if that mosquito then bites another animal that is susceptible to infection.

After a dog is bitten by an infected mosquito, the larvae carrying the heartworm infection then take roughly two months to make their way to the animal’s bloodstream. From there, the infection is quickly carried to the lungs, where the larvae mature into adults and can actually live for up to seven years. During part of that period heartworms can reproduce.

What Happens to An Animal with Heartworm?

The signs of heartworm disease differ depending on the animal. Since cats and dogs are the most common type of pets susceptible to heartworm, this article will simply discuss the symptoms associated with those two types of animals. For owners of other pets that are also susceptible to heartworm, consult a veterinarian for any symptoms and other information regarding the disease.

For dogs, the disease is often difficult to detect for recently infected animals. That’s due in large part to the disease taking so long to make its way into a dog’s bloodstream. Dogs can be infected for months before actually showing any signs of infection. When the infection begins to advance, indicators of heartworm infection include reluctance to exercise, fatigue after moderate exercise, weight loss resulting from lack of appetite, and a mild but persistent cough.

In cats, the symptoms of heartworm can indicate a number of things, making it hard to diagnose if a feline has heartworm or something else. Like a dog, a cat with heartworm will exhibit symptoms of lethargy and difficulty breathing. In a cat, that difficulty breathing can manifest itself through rapid breaths. Felines may also experience weight loss, vomiting and gagging as a result of heartworm infection. It’s important for cat owners to know that a newly defined syndrome called Heartworm Associated Respiratory Disease is often mistaken as feline asthma or allergic bronchitis. Should a feline be diagnosed with either of those diseases, yet exhibit any of the above-mentioned symptoms of heartworm infection, ask a veterinarian to run more tests to see if the feline does, in fact, have heartworm.

How Is Heartworm Infection Prevented?

Fortunately, heartworm is entirely preventable — an inexpensive process. While there is treatment available for canines with heartworm, there is no such treatment for felines, making it even more important for cat owners to take heartworm prevention seriously.

The most popular form of heartworm prevention is a monthly tablet or chewable. Unlike some animal medications, dogs and cats alike typically eat the chewables right up, making it easy to administer the medication. Daily medication is also available, and both the daily and monthly medications are extremely effective if pet owners stick to the administration schedule. The medications actually interrupt the heartworm development before they leave the bloodstream and reach the lungs, essentially killing the disease before it starts.

While it’s not entirely necessary to feed an animal heartworm medication during winter months in colder regions of the country, no harm is done if the medication is administered, and the low cost of medication makes it a reasonable precaution to take.
To learn more about heartworm, consult a veterinarian or visit the American Heartworm Society Web site at www.heartwormsociety.org. PE083584